New technology can significantly simplify and accelerate the work of pathologists performing tissue sample analysis. Once the tissue sample has been stained and labeled with a unique barcode identifying the specimen, a slide scanner converts the glass slide into a digital image file. If equipped with quality control software, the scanner evaluates by comparing to the controls, whether the tissue staining is adequate, whether the entire slide area has been captured, and whether the resulting image is in focus. If deficiencies are detected in any of these areas, the software alerts the user to rescan the slide or, if necessary, repeat the staining process. Failed samples do not proceed to the pathologist.
Next, approved digital slide images are transferred to the patient information system, where integrated image analysis software may perform pre-screening, for example overnight. The software can identify and mark regions of interest or atypical findings, quantify them, and measure their sizes. However, the pathologist still reviews all images.
Digital pathology tools from slide scanners to quality control and image analysis software continue to evolve. At their best, they reduce the workload of pathologists by minimizing routine checks and allowing skilled professionals to focus on more demanding tasks. They also accelerate workflows by automating tasks such as pre-screening and quantification. All this benefits the patient by shortening turnaround times from sample evaluation to treatment initiation.